Depressive disorder, commonly known as depression, is a prevalent mental disorder characterized by a persistent depressed mood or a loss of pleasure or interest in activities for extended periods. This condition differs significantly from ordinary mood fluctuations and feelings experienced in daily life.

We consulted two experts, Stefanie Goldt and Jelena Lischka, both practicing psychotherapists, for deeper insights into the symptoms and treatment methods of depression.

Symptoms:

Depression manifests through various symptoms, including sleeping problems, eating disorders, persistent sadness, and impaired concentration. "For example, it can persist for years that you can't sleep well or have no appetite. You might occasionally think about suicide. Concentrating for extended periods becomes challenging, or you may feel hopeless. Each case is highly individual and varies," explains Stefanie Goldt. She also notes that individuals with depression often struggle to relax.

Causes:

Depression can stem from numerous factors, such as traumatic events, substance abuse, or even pregnancy and childbirth. Stefanie Goldt acknowledges that depression can affect even those who have achieved much in life. "They know they should feel happy about their achievements, but they don't. Happiness does not depend on life circumstances," Stefanie comments. "You can't assert that experiencing a specific event will lead to depression. People's reactions to life events vary greatly," adds Jelena Lischka. Stefanie notes that depression is not caused by a single negative experience but results from a combination of various factors. "Sometimes, brain metabolism is imbalanced. Some chemical processes in the brain do not function properly," she explains. Jelena further mentions that genetic predisposition, social influences, or psychological traits can also contribute to depression.

Treatment Methods:

The most common treatment methods for depression include psychotherapy and antidepressants. "The choice between therapies depends on your condition, the severity of the depressive episode, and personal preference. Treatments can include psychotherapy, medication, or a combination of both," Stefanie elucidates.

Supporting People with Depression:

Support strategies for those with depression vary widely. "The best approach is to engage in an open conversation with the affected individuals, actively inquiring how you can assist them. Offering tangible help, such as preparing meals or helping find a therapy or hospital placement, can be beneficial," suggests Jelena. Stefanie highlights another crucial aspect of support: "Remember, you are not a psychologist. Avoid overburdening yourself. Do not attempt to do more than you can handle—simply be a supportive friend and remain patient. Educating yourself about the condition can also be helpful."